January 13, 2025

How to Become an Actuary: Your Step-by-Step Guide to Success

So, you're thinking about becoming an actuary? Smart move. It’s one of the top-rated jobs out there for job satisfaction, salary, and career stability. But let’s be real—it’s not a cakewalk. Between exams, education, and work experience, the process can feel overwhelming.

But don’t sweat it. I’m going to break it all down into actionable steps, so by the end of this article, you’ll know exactly how to become an actuary—and you’ll be set up to crush it.

What Does an Actuary Actually Do?

Before we dive into the "how," let’s make sure you’ve got the "why" nailed down. Actuaries analyze risk. Whether it’s predicting the likelihood of an event (like an accident or natural disaster) or crunching numbers for insurance companies, these folks thrive on math, stats, and problem-solving.

Think of an actuary as the ultimate decision-maker behind big financial risks. They work in industries like:

  • Insurance (life, health, property, casualty)
  • Pensions
  • Investments
  • Consulting
  • Government and regulatory roles

Basically, if numbers are involved and the stakes are high, actuaries are on it.

Step 1: Nail Down the Education

To become an actuary, start with the right education. While you don’t need a degree in actuarial science, it helps. Other strong options include:

  • Mathematics
  • Statistics
  • Finance
  • Economics

The goal here is to build a solid foundation in analytical thinking, problem-solving, and quantitative skills. Your coursework should cover things like probability, calculus, linear algebra, and statistics.

Pro tip: Some colleges even offer actuarial science programs that prep you for your first couple of exams, so keep an eye out for those.

Step 2: Start Passing Actuarial Exams

Here’s the truth: the exams are the toughest part of becoming an actuary. They’re rigorous, time-consuming, and designed to separate the serious contenders from the rest.

Here’s how to approach it:

  1. Pick an actuarial society: In the U.S., you’ll either go with the Society of Actuaries (SOA) for life, health, and pensions, or the Casualty Actuarial Society (CAS) for property and casualty.
  2. Start with the basics: The first couple of exams (like P/Probability and FM/Financial Mathematics) are the same for both SOA and CAS. These are entry-level and can be prepped for while you’re still in college.
  3. Create a study plan: Aim for 300-400 hours of study per exam. Break it into manageable chunks over 3-6 months.
  4. Don’t skip practice problems: Actuarial exams aren’t about theory alone—you need to apply your knowledge under time pressure.

Good news: Passing your first couple of exams will make you stand out when you’re job hunting, even if you haven’t completed the full credentialing process yet.

Step 3: Gain Relevant Experience

You’re going to need hands-on experience to complement your exams. This is where internships come in.

Why internships matter:

  • They give you real-world exposure to what actuaries actually do.
  • They help you build a network (aka your secret weapon for landing full-time roles).
  • Many internships lead directly to full-time offers.

How to land one:

  • Start early: Look for actuarial internships by your sophomore or junior year.
  • Apply everywhere: Insurance companies, consulting firms, and even government agencies often hire interns.
  • Highlight your skills: Employers want to see your problem-solving abilities, attention to detail, and knowledge of software like Excel, SQL, or R.

Step 4: Sharpen Your Technical Skills

Being great at math isn’t enough. Modern actuaries are expected to be tech-savvy, so focus on learning:

  • Excel (Advanced functions, pivot tables, macros)
  • Programming languages like Python, R, and SQL
  • Data visualization tools (Power BI, Tableau)
  • Actuarial software (SAS, Prophet, etc.)

Employers love candidates who can wrangle data and communicate insights clearly. If you can turn complex analyses into simple recommendations, you’re gold.

Step 5: Get Your First Actuarial Job

Once you’ve passed a couple of exams and stacked up an internship or two, you’re ready to land your first job. This might be an entry-level actuarial analyst position, but don’t underestimate how competitive the market is.

Tips to stand out:

  • Build a killer resume: Highlight your exams, relevant coursework, internships, and technical skills.
  • Leverage your network: Stay connected with professionals you met during internships or career fairs.
  • Use job boards: Acturhire is the perfect place to find actuarial jobs tailored to your skill level and goals.
  • Be patient: Actuarial roles take time to land, but with persistence, you’ll get there.

Step 6: Keep Passing Exams

Even after you’ve landed a job, the learning doesn’t stop. You’ll need to continue passing exams to become fully credentialed.

Here’s the breakdown:

  • Associate-level credentials (ASA/ACAS): These typically require 6-7 exams plus additional modules and courses.
  • Fellow-level credentials (FSA/FCAS): These involve advanced specialization in your chosen practice area.

Your employer will often sponsor your exams, cover study materials, and even give you paid study time. Take full advantage of that support—it’s a game-changer.

FAQs About Becoming an Actuary

How long does it take to become an actuary?

It depends. Most people take 6-10 years to pass all the exams and become fully credentialed, but you can start working as an entry-level actuary after passing just a couple of exams.

Is it hard to become an actuary?

Yes—but it’s doable. The exams are tough, and balancing work, study, and life can be a grind. But if you’re disciplined and love solving problems, it’s worth it.

How much do actuaries make?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median salary for actuaries in 2023 was over $120,000 per year. Entry-level salaries typically start around $60,000-$70,000.

What’s the job market like?

Solid. Actuaries are in demand, especially as companies rely more on data-driven decision-making. Platforms like Acturhire can help you find job openings and opportunities.

Final Thoughts

Becoming an actuary isn’t easy, but it’s one of the most rewarding career paths out there. With solid planning, dedication, and the right resources, you can absolutely crush it.

Start by focusing on education, tackling those exams, and building your experience. And when it’s time to land that first job, check out Acturhire.

Whether you’re just starting out or you’re deep into your actuarial journey, remember: every step brings you closer to a career where your skills truly make an impact.